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Events
January 21 - Abel Tasman discovers Tonga
May 14 - Four year-old Louis XIV becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Louis XIII.
May 19 - Battle of Rocroi: French victory over the Spanish at Rocroi, France.
July 13 - English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down - In England, Lord Henry Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, wins a crushing victory over the Parliamentarian Sir William Waller.
Austro-Bavarian army defeats French at Duttlingen.
The Royalist forces supporting Charles I in the English Civil War win the Battle of Adwalton Moor and gain control of Yorkshire.
End of the reign of Empress Meisho of Japan
Emperor Go-Komyo ascends to the throne of Japan
Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer
New England Confederation is formed
Battle of Tüttlingen fought
Baden-Baden pillaged by the French
John Colgan published the first two volumes of the Acta Sanctorum
Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve places the first cross atop Mount Royal
Åmål is granted its city charter
Miyamoto Musashi dictates The Book of Five Rings (Go Rin No Sho) to his student, completing it in 1654 just before his death
Hong Taiji , Emperor of the Qing Dynasty of the Manchu dies and is succeeded by his five year-old son, the later Shunzhi Emperor of China.
Ongoing events
English Civil War (1642-1649)
Births
January 4 - Sir Isaac Newton.
August 21 - Future King Alphonso VI of Portugal.
Future Ottoman sultan Ahmed II
Deaths
March 1 - Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian keyboard composer (b. 1583)
May 14 - Louis XIII of France
November 29, Claudio Monteverdi, Italian composer
Herman Wrangel, Swedish soldier and politician
Hong Taiji, Emperor of the Qing Dynasty of the Manchu
Category:1643
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