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This article is about the year 1776. For the musical, see 1776 (musical)
Events
January 10 - Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense
March 17 - American Revolutionary War: British forces evacuate Boston, Massachusetts after George Washington places artillery overlooking the city.
March 28 - Juan Bautista de Anza finds the site for the Presidio of San Francisco.
May 1 - Former Jesuit Adam Weishaupt founds the Bavarian Illuminati (Order of the Illuminati) in Ingolstadt, Bavaria.
May 6 - Battle of Prague Prussian king Frederick the Great triumphs over Austrian army.
June 8 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Trois-Rivières - American invaders are driven back at Trois-Rivières, Quebec.
June 12 - Virginia Declaration of Rights by George Mason adopted by the Virginia Convention of Delegates.
June 17 - Lt. Jose Joaquin Moraga leads a band of colonists from Monterey Presidio, landing on June 29 and constructing the Mission Dolores of the new Presidio of San Francisco.
July 4 - American Revolutionary War: United States Declaration of Independence.
July 9 - An angry mob in New York City topples the equestrian statue of George III in Bowling Green.
August 15 - First Hessian troops land on Staten Island to join British forces
August 27 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Long Island - Washington's troops routed in Brooklyn by British under William Howe.
September - First running of the St. Leger Stakes horse race in England.
September 2-9 - Hurricane from NC to Nova Scotia - 4170 dead
September 7 - World's first submarine attack. American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship HMS Eagle in New York Harbor.
September 11 - American Revolutionary War: abortive peace conference between British and Americans on Staten Island.
September 15 - American Revolutionary War: British land on Manhattan at Kip's Bay.
September 16 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Harlem Heights
September 22 - American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale executed in New York City for espionage.
October 7 - Crown Prince Paul of Russia marries Sophie Marie Dorothea of Württemberg.
October 9 - Father Francisco Palou founds Mission San Francisco de Asis in what is now San Francisco, California.
October 11 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Valcour Island - On Lake Champlain near Valcour Island, a British fleet led by Sir Guy Carleton defeats 15 American gunboats commanded by Brigadier General Benedict Arnold. Although nearly all of Arnold's ships are destroyed, the two day-long battle will give Patriot forces enough time to prepare defenses of New York City.
October 28 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of White Plains - British forces arrive at White Plains, attack and capture Chatterton Hill from the Americans.
November 16 - American Revolutionary War: Hessian mercenaries under Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausen capture Fort Washington from the American Continentals.
December 5 - The Phi Beta Kappa society is organized at the College of William and Mary.
December 23 - Thomas Paine, living with Washington's troops begins publishing The American Crisis, containing the stirring phrase, These are the times that try men's souls.
December 25 - American Revolutionary War: Gen. George Washington orders the first issue of The Crisis read to his troops on Christmas Eve, then at 6 PM all 2600 of them march to McKonkey's Ferry, cross the Delaware River and land on the Jersey bank at 3 AM.
December 26 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Trenton - Washington's troops surprise the 1500 Hessian troops under the command of Col. [Johan Rall] at 8 AM outside Trenton and score a victory, taking 1000 prisoners while suffering only 6 wounded.
Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations
Edward Gibbon publishes The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
E pluribus unum was chosen by the first Great Seal committee
Austria abolishes death penalty and torture and decriminalizes witchcraft
British begin to use old ships docked close to shore as temporary prisons, prison junks
35th and last volume of Diderot's Encyclopedie published
Births
January 24 - E.T.A. Hoffmann, poet, composer, and painter (+ 1822)
February 11 - Joannis Capodistrias Greek governor of Troezen (1827-1831)
March 10 - Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Queen of Prussia (+ 1810)
April 1 - Sophie Germain, mathematician (+ 1831)
June 11 - John Constable, landscape painter
August 6 - Amedeo Avogadro, chemist
Muttusvami Dikshitar, Carnatic music composer
Deaths
August 25 - David Hume, Scottish philosopher
Category:1776
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