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April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). There are 266 days remaining.
Events
up to 19th century
193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans).
1241 - Battle of Liegnitz: Mongol forces defeats the Polish and German armies.
1682 - Robert de LaSalle discovers the mouth of the Mississippi River, claims it for France and names it Louisiana.
1865 - American Civil War: Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, effectively ending the war.
1867 - Alaska purchase: By a single vote, the United States Senate ratifies a treaty with Russia for the purchase of Alaska.
20th century
1900s-1960s
1909 - The U.S. Congress passes the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act.
1913 - The Brooklyn Dodgers' Ebbets Field opens.
1916 - World War I: Battle of Verdun - German forces launch their third offensive of the battle.
1917 - World War I: Battle of Arras - The battle begins with Canadian forces executing a massive assault on the Vimy Ridge.
1939 - Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial, after having been refused the right to sing at the Daughters of the American Revolution's Constitution Hall.
1940 - World War II: Germany invades Denmark and Norway.
1942 - World War II: Battle of Bataan/Bataan Death March - United States forces surrender on the Bataan Peninsula.
1947 - The Glazier-Higgins-Woodward Tornadoes kill 181 and injure 970 in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.
1947 - The Journey of Reconciliation, the first interracial Freedom Ride of 16 black and white men traveling through the upper South in violation of Jim Crow laws begins. The riders, sponsored by CORE and the Fellowship of Reconciliation, are seeking to force southern states to enforce the Supreme Court's 1946 Irene Morgan decision that banned segregation in interstate travel.
1948 - Jorge Eliécer Gaitán's assassination provokes a violent riot in Bogotá (the Bogotazo), and a further ten years of violence in all of Colombia (La violencia).
1948 - Massacre at Deir Yassin.
1953 - Warner Brothers premieres the first 3-D film, entitled House of Wax
1959 - Mercury program: NASA announces the selection of the United States' first seven astronauts which the news media quickly dub the "Mercury Seven".
1967 - The first Boeing 737 (a 100 series) takes its maiden flight.
1969 - The "Chicago Eight" plead not guilty on federal charges of conspiracy to incite a riot at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Illinois.
1980s-1990s
1986 - The government of France rules against the privatization of French automaker Renault.
1987 - Dikye Baggett becomes the first person to undergo corrective surgery for Parkinson's disease.
1991 - Georgia declares its independence from the Soviet Union.
1992 - Manuel Noriega is convicted of eight crimes.
1992 - John Major wins the UK general election.
1998 - The National Prisoner of War Museum is dedicated in Andersonville, Georgia, on the site of an American Civil War POW camp.
1999 - Ismail Omar Guelleh is elected president of Djibouti.
1999 - Nigerian President Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara is assassinated.
21st century
2002 - The funeral of HM Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother of the United Kingdom is held at Westminster Abbey.
2003 - 2003 invasion of Iraq: The Ba'ath regime headed by Saddam Hussein in Iraq is deposed.
Births
up to 19th century
1773 - Étienne Aignan, translator, political writer, librettist, playwright, member of the Académie française (d. 1824)
1794 - Theobald Boehm, inventor of the modern flute.
1806 - Isambard Kingdom Brunel, engineer (d. 1859)
1821 - Charles Baudelaire, lyricist (d. 1867)
1830 - Eadweard Muybridge, photographer, motion picture pioneer (d. 1904)
1835 - King Leopold II of Belgium (d. 1909)
1848 - Helene Lange, teacher (d. 1930)
1867 - Chris Watson, third Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1941)
1897 - John B. Gambling, radio talk-show host (d. 1974)
1898 - Paul Robeson, singer, political activist (d. 1976)
20th century
1900s-1960s
1903 - Ward Bond, actor (d. 1960)
1904 - Sharkey Bonano, jazz musician (d. 1972)
1905 - J. William Fulbright, former Senator from Arkansas (d. 1995)
1906 - Antal Dorati, Hungarian conductor (d. 1988)
1908 - Victor Vasarely, painter (d. 1997)
1912 - Lew Kopelew (Lev Kopelev), author (d. 1997)
1919 - J. Presper Eckert, inventor of the ENIAC computer
1925 - Heinz Nixdorf, industrialist (d. 1985)
1926 - Hugh Hefner, editor, publisher
1928 - Tom Lehrer, musician and satirist
1932 - Carl Perkins, country and rockabilly musician (d. 1998)
1933 - Jean-Paul Belmondo, actor
1935 - Avery Schreiber, actor (d. 2002)
1945 - Peter Gammons, baseball sportswriter, journalist
1954 - Dennis Quaid, actor (The Right Stuff, Any Given Sunday, Traffic)
1954 - Iain Duncan Smith, United Kingdom MP
1957 - Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer
1965 - Jeff Zucker, American television executive
1970s-1980s
1972 - Emir Delalic Zeko, Bosnian designer
1974 - Jenna Jameson, Porn Star
1975 - Robbie Fowler, football (soccer) striker
1978 - Jorge Andrade, football player
1978 - Rachel Stevens, singer
1981 - Eric Harris, one of the Columbine High School massacre gunmen (d. 1999)
1987 - Jessie McCartney, member of boy band Dreamstreet and actor WB11's Summerland
1987 - Nick Dussias, Crack head
Deaths
491 - Zeno, Byzantine emperor
1024 - Pope Benedict VIII
1137 - William X, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 1099)
1553 - François Rabelais, writer (b. c. 1493)
1557 - Mikael Agricola, de facto founder of written Finnish (b. 1510)
1626 - Sir Francis Bacon, philosopher, statesman, essayist (b. 1561)
1804 - Jacques Necker, French statesman, finance minister of Louis XVI (b. 1732)
1889 - Michel Eugène Chevreul, French chemist (b. 1786)
1940 - Mrs. Patrick Campbell, actress (b. 1865)
1944 - Evgeniya Rudneva, Soviet World War II heroine, killed by Nazis
1945 - Wilhelm Canaris, chief of the Abwehr (b. 1887)
1945 - Dietrich Bonhoeffer, theologian and martyr, hanged at Flossenburg concentration camp (b. 1906)
1948 - Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (b. 1903).
1959 - Frank Lloyd Wright, architect (b. 1867)
1963 - Eddie Edwards, jazz musician (b. 1891)
1976 - Phil Ochs, singer (b. 1940)
1991 - Martin Hannett, record producer (b. 1948)
2002 - Leopold Vietoris, Austrian mathematician (b. 1891)
Holidays and observances
Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Jalál (Glory) - First day of the second month of the Bahá'í Calendar
Good Friday (2004)
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April 8 - April 10 - March 9 - May 9 -- listing of all days
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