January 23 ::: Project ETERNITY

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January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 342 days remaining, 343 in leap years.

Events

1510 - Henry VIII of England, 18, appears incognito in the lists at Richmond, and is applauded for his jousting before he reveals himself.

1533 - Anne Boleyn, mistress of Henry VIII of England, discovers herself pregnant.

1546 - Having published nothing for 11 years, Francois Rabelais brings out his sequel to Gargantua and Pantagruel: the Tiers Libre.

1556 - The Shaanxi earthquake, the deadliest earthquake in history, occurs with its epicenter in Shaanxi province, China. 830,000 people may have been killed.

1570 - The assassination of regent James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray throws Scotland into civil war.

1571 - The Royal Exchange opens in London.

1579 - The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in the Netherlands.

1719 - The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire.

1789 - Georgetown College becomes the first Catholic college in the United States (Washington, DC).

1843 - The flip of a coin determines whether a new city in Oregon is named after Boston, Massachusetts, or Portland, Maine, with Portland winning.

1855 - The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens in what is now Minneapolis, Minnesota, a crossing made today by the Father Louis Hennepin Bridge.

1849 - Elizabeth Blackwell is awarded her MD by the Medical Institute of Geneva, New York, thus becoming the United States' first woman doctor.

1870 - Marias Massacre

1904 - Ålesund Fire: Norwegian coastal town Ålesund is devastated by fire, leaving 10,000 people homeless. German Kaiser Wilhelm helps rebuild the town in Jugendstil architecture.

1907 - Charles Curtis from Kansas, becomes the first Native American US Senator.

1920 - The Netherlands refuses to surrender ex-Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to the Allies.

1937 - In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.

1941 - Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler.

1943 - World War II: British forces capture Tripoli from the Nazis.

1943 - World War II: Australian and American forces finally defeat the Japanese army in Papua. This turning point in the Pacific War marks the beginning of the end of Japanese aggression.

1943 - Duke Ellington plays at New York City's Carnegie Hall for the first time.

1950 - The Knesset passes a resolution that states Jerusalem is the capital of Israel.

1960 - The bathyscaphe USS Trieste breaks a depth record when it descends 35,820 feet (10,750 meters) in the Pacific Ocean.

1964 - The 24th Amendment to the United States Constitution, prohibiting the use of poll taxes in national elections, is ratified.

1968 - North Korea seizes the USS Pueblo, claiming the ship violated their territorial waters while spying.

1973 - President Richard Nixon announces that a peace accord has been reached in Vietnam.

1975 - Barney Miller debuts on ABC.

1977 - The first segment of the Roots mini-series airs on ABC.

1978 - Sweden becomes the first nation to ban aerosol sprays that are thought to damage earth's protective ozone layer.

1983 - The A-Team debuts.

1985 - O. J. Simpson becomes the first Heisman Trophy winner elected to the Football Hall of Fame.

1986 - The first induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Fats Domino, Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis and Elvis Presley)

1997 - Mir Aimal Kasi receives the death sentence for a 1993 assault rifle attack outside CIA headquarters that killed two and wounded three others.

1997 - Madeleine Albright becomes the first woman to serve as United States Secretary of State.

1999 - Australian Christian missionary Graham Stewart Stains and his two sons are burned alive by radical Hindus while sleeping in their car in eastern India.

2002 - "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh returns to the United States under FBI custody.

2002 - Daniel Pearl was kidnapped and subsequently murdered in Karachi, Pakistan.

2005 - Viktor Yushchenko sworn in as the third President of Ukraine in Kiev, Ukraine.